E-Waste Facts & Information


Electronics are a growing part of the waste stream. The National Safety Council predicts about 500 million computers will become obsolete in the U.S. next year. It is estimated that 75% of these old computers will be stored and not recycled. 

A desktop computer and monitor weigh an average of 53 pounds and require 530 pounds of fossil fuels, 50 pounds of chemicals and 3,330 pounds of water to make.

That's about the same amount of raw materials needed to build a standard sport utility vehicle, a statistic that's even more staggering when you consider that the National Safety Council estimates that more than 63 million computers were disposed of in 2005, generating about 5.3 billion pounds of electronic waste, according to the Environmental Protection Agency.

With the nearly 2 million tons of used electronics, including computers and televisions that are discarded each year, it is a mounting issue for local governments which anticipate a four-fold growth in e-waste in the coming years. This is especially true since the average lifespan of a computer is said to be two years.

Electronics often contain useful materials such as precious metals, glass, and plastics that should be recovered rather than buried in a landfill. For example, precious metals are used in computer circuit boards and other electronic components and, of course, glass and plastics are used for TV and computer monitors. Recycling these products reduces the need to mine the earth for raw materials.

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A Treatise on E-Waste 

A Modern Day Dilemma

 

As Professor Harold Hill so aptly put it to the City Council .. 

“We got trouble, right here in River City!”

What’s all this noise about “Dangerous Electronics?” Can’t we just throw our old computers and TV’s in the dump and cover it up?  (Kind of like the out-of-site, out-of-mind theory?)  AND why in the world do I have to pay for disposal?  Well read on, Bunkie!

Consider:  Man has always created trash.  Wherever he goes or wherever he lives, wherever he works, he creates trash …. On the land, on the sea and in the air, he leaves a trail of trash!   We can then logically conclude that Man is a natural trash maker.   However …..

“While what we do with our all of our trash is an important issue, 

What we do with our dangerous trash is an even bigger

and a far more critical issue.  Man’s modern day problem ….

Discarded Electronics Devices are in fact, very dangerous

Items in a land fill.  It must stop; now!”

                        Captain GreenJeans

“In the beginning”  We threw out our cave trash indiscriminately;  bones, fur hunks,  and assorted fur balls were tossed out the front of our  caves.  We might have even swept out  the big hunks of rotting things as well.   But basically we lived very closely with our trash.  Not very tidy but we had no trash guys then.  Unfortunately, they had not yet been invented. 

Later on in our evolution, we might have dumped our trash in a low or a hidden corner of the family farm and covered it up.  A little time spent but no cost.   In this situation, we were our own trash guys and we did not have to live quite so close to our trash so we were being a bit more tidy than our ancestors.

That my friends, was the end of any semblance to “Free Trash Disposal”  Today, the “Pay for Trash Disposal  Era” has became a reality.

 

In the early days of civilized, city trash pick up and if you lived in the city, the trash guys came down the alley and picked up anything and everything.  Paint, chemicals, tires, trash of any kind as long as they could lift it.  Few if any rules….but keep in mind that it was not free!.   You paid for it in your city taxes.  The trash budget in most cities is huge!  Even then, most of us had no idea about the risks of many of these items going to the dump.

 

Rural and small towns usually have a somewhat easier task for trash disposal than our larger cities because they are usually surrounded by a lot of open land.   Big cities however have a bigger challenge.  The city keeps growing toward the dump and eventually builds homes and shopping centers right on top of these old land fill dumps.   Because we usually dig wells for our water, what goes in our dumps breaks down and the chemicals, both good and bad, leach into our water table and therein, lies the problem.

 

 Remember the New York City barges?  They wandered around the Harbor for months, trying to find a place to unload their mountains of trash.    It’s the same all over the world and proper trash disposal truly costs everybody.  “There is no free lunch and there is no free trash disposal”  a sad but true fact of life.   Think about what we really pay for trash removal now.    Have you been to your local dump?   Is it free?......not hardly… it’s expensive!

 

You need to become aware of the fact that dumping electronics is NOT the same as recycling your plastic or paper.  Electronics contain large amounts of dangerous metals in forms that lend themselves to fast and easy breakdown and leaching into the water table!

 

In addition to the dump fees, we pay Tire Disposal Fees, we pay Battery disposal Fees, we pay Hazardous Chemicals and Hazardous Waste disposal Fees.  Our electronics disposal problems are simply a direct result of the “Throw away society we have in this country”!  Clearly, the U.S. Consuptiom (world-wide as well) of electronics is expanding at and enourmous rate.  This problem is NOT going away.

Your personal trash collection is either paid for through your local taxes or more commonly, through your homeowner’s fees.   If you attend any HOA meetings, you will see that those fees are substantial.   We must then keep in mind that some waste, like most electronic device waste has an even higher disposal cost because of the labor intensive and detailed process costs that go with these dangerous items.   

 SOME Q&A -

Q.  I have seen places that let you drop off your old electronics for free!  What’s the deal?

A.  There are several  items to consider here:

1. One way or the other, someone (the city, state or some group is paying

for the disposal of these items).   It is simply not free.  But even if it were

free, the following is the major  problem.

 

In far too many cases the city, the event promoter or your city or county knows that these dangerous items are going straight to the land fill!   Sadly, most local and state governments are not aware of the dangers  or simply don’t want to deal with them or don't have ther reveneus to do so. 

 

       Q.  What about Data Security?

 

       A.  Another issue involved with computer disposal, is data security.  In some 

       cases, what we keep on our hard drives is NOT critical nor has

       any proprietary      value.  On the other hand, many business and  

       governmental data storage devices must either be totally destroyed and in

       some cases even are required to be, “Destruction Certified” in order to protect

       any critical data from getting into the wrong hands.  Keep in mind that many

       of the public disposal/re-cycling firms do NOT meet EPA or NACSE Data

       Destruction Guidelines.

 

       Q. How can I help this situation?

 

       A. The primary problems we face.

First and maybe most critical is the fact that few people are aware of the

danger and timeliness of this issue.  Our lands fills and dumps are

becoming inundated with these items on a daily basis.  The EPA requires

corporations to comply with disposal guidelines, (however not all

corporations are in compliance), but few if any laws apply to individuals.  

Our States and Local Municipalities are not, in most cases either aware

of, or attuned to the critical nature of the problem.  Typically, trash is no

major issue in the political arena.  The Lead found in toys from China has

hit the press, but almost nothing has been said about our daily local

problems.

 

Secondly, even for those who are aware of the problem, there are not very

many disposal recyclers who actually do and properly manage the entire

process from start to finish.   Most are commercial firms whose primary

goal is making money, not taking care of our environment.

 

 

Finally, finding a “Qualified Disposal/Re-Cycler” can be difficult at best. 

Getting the equipment to that firm can be even more difficult.  One

of the primary goals of Green UP USA is to help develop easy access to

information on proper Electronics Disposal as well as assist individuals and

companies in finding the right places to dispose of their items.

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Know Your Landfill Poisons

All landfills leach poisons. Depending on the location of the landfill, the migration of the poisons into the groundwater can take place immediately or over a long period of time. In many municipalities, where the dumping takes place in and around water bodies, leachates (the concentrated poisons from garbage) can enter surface and groundwater immediately. Additionally, the constantly smoldering landfill fires also give rise to dioxins and furans which are the most poisonous chemicals known to humanity. The box below outlines the health effects of some of the poisons that are likely to leach from municipal waste landfills.

For a detailed discussion on landfills and leachates, visit the Friends of the Earth site.

Health Effects of Toxic Chemicals in Landfill Leachates

Arsenic

Cancer causing; cardiovascular, peripheral nervous system, reproductive and lung/respiratory effects; liver and skin damage

Cadmium

Probable carcinogen and teratogen; toxic to embryos; effects on Central Nervous System (CNS), reproductive and lung/respiratory systems; kidney damage

Chromium

Carcinogenic, probable mutagen, lung/respiratory effects, allergic sensitization, eye irritation

Lead

Probable teratogen, kidney and brain damage, CNS and reproductive effects, blood cell disorders; negatively affects intelligence, growth and development of children.

Mercury

Teratogenic (organic mercury substances); CNS, cardiovascular and lung/respiratory effects; kidney and visual damage

Nickel

Probable carcinogen, possible teratogen, lung/respiratory effects, allergic sensitization, eye and skin irritation, liver and kidney damage

Benzene

Human carcinogen, mutagen, and possible teratogen; central nervous system (CNS), peripheral nervous system, immunological and gastrointestinal effects; blood cell disorders; allergic sensitization; eye and skin irritation

Chloroform

Probable human carcinogen and possible teratogen; CNS and gastrointestinal effects; kidney and liver damage; embryotoxic; eye and skin irritation

1,1-dichlorethane

Embryotoxic; CNS effects; kidney and liver damage

Ethylbenzene

CNS effects; kidney and liver damage; upper respiratory system, eye and skin irritation

Methylene Chloride

Possible carcinogen; CNS, lung/respiratory system, and cardiovascular effects; blood disorders; eye and skin irritation

Tetrachloroethylene

Probable carcinogen; CNS and lung/respiratory effects; embryotoxic; kidney and liver damage; upper respiratory tract and eye irritation

Toluene

Possible mutagen and carcinogen; CNS and cardiovascular effects; kidney and liver damage; upper respiratory tract, eye and skin irritation; and allergic sensitization

Trichloroethylene

Possible carcinogen and teratogen; CNS , kidneys, liver, cardiovascular system, and lung/respiratory system effects; blood cell disorders; skin, eye and upper respiratory irritation

1,1,1-trichloroethylene

Carcinogenic; mutagenic; CNS and lung/respiratory effects; kidney and liver damage; eye and skin irritation

Vinyl Chloride

Carcinogenic; mutagenic; possible teratogen; CNS effects; kidney and liver damage; blood cell disorders; and skin irritation

Xylene

CNS and cardiovascular effects; kidney and liver damage; upper respiratory and eye irritation

SOURCE: Adapted from New Jersey Fact Sheets (from Right-to-Know Network) and The Poisoned Well (Sierra Club Legal Defense Fund, 1989)

 

 

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